In the gardens of Russia, tomatoes occupy a special place, they are used for making salads, soups, stews and canning.
But to pamper yourself with tasty and juicy fruits, you need to know when they should be planted. And here the region of our big country is of great importance.
In the article we will consider in detail the dependence of the time of planting on the region and what the wrong choice of time can lead to, and also find out when to plant tomatoes in specific regions in the ground.
Dependence of planting dates on the region
It is important not only to know how to plant tomatoes correctly, but also to understand that the timing varies from region to region. Dates of sowing tomato seeds directly depend on the characteristics of a biological culture, of great importance is the light and temperature conditions of each region. Considering the fact that in different regions of Russia there is a different temperature, the planting time for tomatoes is significantly different.
The warmer the climate in the region, the earlier you can sow the tomatoes. So in the southern regions of Russia, tomatoes can be sown at the end of February, and after two months, plant them in open ground. It is advisable to arrange a temporary shelter film, then you can not be afraid of spring frosts, which are short-lived, but can destroy the entire crop. Hybrids and medium varieties are planted in the south from March 1 to March 20, and when they are already 60-65 days old, they can be planted in open ground.
Late varieties can be sown from April 1, but it is better to do it a week later, so that the earth is warm enough.
What could lead to the wrong landing time in the wrong region?
If tomatoes are planted at a time when this can not be done, the consequences can be dire. On the most common should be said separately:
- If the seedlings were planted in a region where there is not enough light at this time, then there is a danger of underdevelopment of the roots. To grow fully, they will need a lot of time. But not the whole plant develops, but only the part that is underground. It is clear that to wait in this case, a good harvest is impractical.
- In the northern regions of Russia, you need to be especially careful - often tomatoes are planted when the ground is too cold. This leads to the fact that plants are shocked. The situation can be stopped by overlapping the seedlings with bottles of hot water, but to avoid unnecessary trouble, it is better to plant the seedlings on time.
Important: to reduce seed time, it is recommended to germinate them in advance. This is especially important for the northern regions of Russia, where the summer is short and not always a lot of sun.
When to put tomatoes in the ground?
In Siberia
Many novice gardeners believe that in Siberia, tomatoes should be planted as soon as possible, then they will grow faster. In fact this is not true. In Siberia, the February days are short, light and sun is not enough, if you plant the seeds at this time, there is a risk to get sluggish and weak plants. To avoid such a common mistake, it is important to clearly calculate the sowing date.
Before planting seedlings in Siberia, you need to know saplings that are 2 months old take root, when the first buds start to form on them. If you plan to plant tomatoes in the open, then the beds should not be planted before the first half of June. So, the seeds should be sown in the first half of April. If there is a greenhouse, the timing can be shifted 10 days earlier.
The lunar calendar is important. According to him, it is better to plant tomato seeds in Siberia on February 21, 25 and 28 or on March 20, 21, 22, 25. The best days for planting tomatoes in April are 10, 3 and 17 numbers.
In Omsk
In Omsk, it is best to start planting tomatoes no earlier than the first half of April. But such a period experienced fences consider not the most favorable. But this is not a reason for despair, you only need to choose the most favorable days for this (if you rely on the zodiac calendar, it is 1,2 and 12 numbers).
In the Arkhangelsk region
As already said temperature and light conditions are of great importance. If you sow tomatoes in the Arkhangelsk region earlier than necessary, there is a risk that you will then have to light them up. If you plant seedlings in an unheated greenhouse or greenhouse, problems with air and soil temperature will begin.
You should not plant seedlings too early, as it is to grow weakened, low-tempered and elongated. Then you have to spend a lot of money on heating, lighting and other work and not the fact that you get a good harvest.
For the Arkhangelsk region, the most optimal planting time for tomatoes is from March 15 to March 20, this applies to hybrids and early varieties. It is better to plant maximum early ripening hybrids later, in early April (from 1 to 5).
Hybrids and medium varieties should be sown from March 20 to April 10 in open ground or use film, seedlings must be at least two months. In such conditions it is inappropriate to plant late varieties of tomatoes, as the summer is hot, but not very long. If there is a desire to grow late varieties, then you need to use greenhouses of the covered type or greenhouses, you must use additional lighting.
In the Urals
If the tomatoes are tall, they should be planted in the conditions of the Urals from February 20 to March 10. If it is planned to replant the tomatoes in the greenhouse in April, then the best landing days will be from February 15 to 28.
Mid-season and early ripe tomatoes for seedlings should be sown in March. Highly recommended by the lunar calendar, choosing the most favorable days.
In the Kirov region
In the Kirov region, tomatoes can be planted from February 25 to March 5. In this case, we are talking about hybrids and early varieties. Once the plants reach a height of 15-25 cm, they can be transplanted into the ground, but we must understand that each must have at least 8 leaves.
In the Kirov region, temperature jumps are not uncommon, in order to avoid their negative impact, it is necessary to install metal arcs, then there is always the possibility to quickly install a protective film.
Medium varieties in the Kirov region are better planted in the first decade of March, and late varieties should be planted from about March 20 to mid-April. At the time of planting late varieties of tomatoes, the age of seedlings must be at least 70 days.
Far East
To get an early crop of tomatoes in the Far East, planting should start in February. Only you need to make sure that the greenhouse is warm, you need additional lighting. It is important to increase the length of daylight, otherwise the plants will grow weak. In open ground, you can begin planting in early April.
On South
In the South for the growth of tomatoes, the climate is most favorable. You can start planting them already in the 20th of February and up to the first days of March. Late varieties of tomatoes can be planted in the second half of March and this can be done until mid-April.
In North-west
In the North-West, early warm weather can be deceptive, which negatively affects the growth of tomatoes. Therefore, you need to catch the moment when the soil warms up to 30 degrees and remains so for a week. Here at this time it is possible to plant tomatoes safely, this is about the second decade of March. This applies to early varieties of tomatoes, but late varieties planted before the second half of April is not recommended. Weather conditions can be different, you have to use the backlight, all this is fraught with additional hassle and costs.
The time of planting tomato seedlings in open ground is always individual. It is important to always pay attention to the most important criteria - the temperature of air and earth. The average daily temperature should be around 20 degrees. If all this is taken into account, then we can expect a rich harvest.
Low temperatures, as well as too high for tomatoes, are destructive. If the soil temperature is less than 12 degrees, then the crop can not count. Soil temperature can be measured with an ordinary household thermometer.
