The Druzhba-4 chiansaw is a time-tested tool for generations, which was relatively recently actively used both in our country and in neighboring states. It became a real possession of domestic production and was remembered by compatriots as a reliable and unpretentious tool in care, so today this saw is still widely found in everyday life. However, not many modern consumers prefer this tool. In this article we will get acquainted with this chainsaw in detail, as well as determine its main advantages and disadvantages relative to other models.
Specifications
Chainsaw "Friendship-4" among consumers is considered a long-obsolete model, however, despite its serious age, this unit fully satisfies all basic household needs, as well as surprises with simplicity and reliability in operation. Next, we consider the technical component of this saw in more detail.
Did you know? The gasoline chain saw was invented in 1927 thanks to the German entrepreneur Emil Lehrp. The tool had an engine capacity of 245 cubic meters. cm, with a capacity of 8 liters. with. and weighed about 58 kg.
Chainsaw Assembly
Assembling a chainsaw looks pretty simple, but despite this, all elements of the design are made very soundly. Parts of the case are made of high-quality aluminum alloy, so they are not afraid of any temperature drops. The frame and the handle are designed in such a way as to protect the worker from possible burns on the engine during the operation of the tool. In addition, a mechanical chain brake is provided in the construction of this chainsaw, so if it breaks, the mechanism will stop the saw, which will protect the worker from possible injuries. Unit dimensions: 865 x 460 x 500 mm, tire length is 450 mm.
The tool is characterized by high performance. With a total speed of rotation of the shaft in 5-5,4 thousand revolutions per minute, the saw is capable of processing about 75 square meters. see wood for a second. The movement of the saw bar during operation occurs from right to left. The total weight of the unit without a carburetor, tires and chains is 10.5 kg, with a complete set - 12.5 kg. However, the large weight of the tool does not complicate its use, since the saw is balanced to the maximum and fits perfectly in the hands. The weighted total vibration acceleration at the Druzhba-4 handles is about 13 m / s2, with the sound level reaching 105 dBA.
In the process of using chainsaws, there may be questions about sharpening the chain, stretching the chain, problems with starting up, machine tools for sharpening the chain.
Engine
Equipped with a single-cylinder two-stroke carburetor-type saw. The diameter of its cylinder is 48 mm, the piston stroke is 52 mm. Saw power - about 2.94 kW, which is 4 liters. with., while the engine capacity reaches 95 cu. cm. Fuel consumption is not high, its consumption at maximum speed does not exceed 720 g / kWh. The main parts of the engine: crankcase, crankshaft connected to the connecting rod, piston system, cylinder. The engine also includes the following systems: ignition, power, cooling and exhaust.
The crankcase is made of wear-resistant aluminum alloy. It consists of two halves, fastened together with the help of special nuts and studs. The cylinder is a piece of aluminum alloy with a chrome-plated coating, which increases its wear resistance. The piston is also made of high-quality aluminum alloy, on its surface are equipped with two compression rings, which are fixed thanks to the bronze bushing. The crankshaft with a connecting rod is a threaded design. I-rod connecting rod is made of forged steel, needle bearing is located at its lower head.
Did you know? "Friendship-4" is one of the few products of Soviet industry that have received international recognition. In 1958, in Brussels, at the EXPO World Show, the saw received the Golden Medal.
Motor cooling system - forced type, air. The cooling air flow is created by a centrifugal fan. With the help of the deflector air flow is directed to the cylinder. The ignition of the saw is due to magneto using a spark plug and a special wire. The power supply unit includes a gas tank, a faucet with a fuel filter and a carburetor. The supply of fuel fluid occurs by gravity by opening the fuel valve. The exhaust system includes a gearbox, frame, dust apparatus, starter. To reduce the noise in the exhaust system is provided muffler.
The engine and its associated elements are independent components, which are fixed to each other by means of special flange connections, fixed with a clamp fixed to the handle of the unit. Such a construction makes it possible to replace the failed node as quickly as possible, which is indispensable in conditions of mass logging. All moving parts are lubricated automatically with a mixture of oil and fuel.
Refueling volumes and maintenance materials
Capacity for fuel (gas tank) saw "Friendship-4" is designed for 1.5 liters of fuel fluid. As a fuel, the best option is a mixture of gasoline A92 and universal engine oil for two-stroke engines (15: 1).
The volume of the tank for engine oil is 150 ml, as a lubricant for the engine in the winter, use a mixture of universal engine oil and gasoline (3: 1), and in the summer - clean engine oil. Also, two-stroke engine oil is also used to lubricate the cavity of the starter, the axis of the throttle control lever, and the articulated bushings. For lubrication of other sites it is recommended to use "Litol-24" or its analogs.
Important! For the preparation of fuel it is strictly forbidden to use oil marks. "Lukoil-2T", "TNK-2", "T OIL", "AZMOL Sport 2T GD", as this will break the fuel system of the chainsaw.
Basic data for adjustment and control
To properly adjust the saw "Friendship-4", you should observe:
- the distance between the electrodes of the flame in the range of 0.6-0.7 mm;
- the gap between the ends of the ratchet teeth of the motor and the end of the flange of the crankcase cover from 22.2 to 23.4 mm;
- the distance between the throttle control lever and the frame handle with full opening of the throttle is from 2 to 8 mm without power limitation and from 15 to 20 mm with power limitation;
- the distance between the edge of the tire and the edge of the connecting chain links when pulling down its lower branch from the tire in the central part within 5-10 mm;
- the remoteness of the limit protrusion relative to the cutting edge of the saw chain is about 0.8 ± 0.125 mm.
Adjustment work
To ensure the chainsaw uninterrupted operation for a long time, "Friendship-4" requires timely adjustment of the main working units of the unit. This process involves adjusting the chain tension, clutch, and fuel quality and speed. Let us consider in more detail the main stages of the adjustment work.
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Carburetor
The carburetor consists of a diaphragm with an enrichment button, a fuel chamber body, a diffuser body, a cover, a throttle with a needle and a cup of cable, an air filter. Its adjustment makes it possible to change the number of revolutions of the engine at its maximum power and during idling. This directly affects the quality of the functions performed by the saw.
Carburetor circuit
To adjust the number of revolutions during idling, you need to change the quality and quantity of fuel supplied to the cylinder. The volume of the injected fuel mixture is regulated by the throttle. The throttle is controlled by a lever located on the right hand grip of the frame. The quality of the mixture is regulated thanks to the screw carburetor. When it is screwed, the mixture is cleaned, when unscrewing - enriched. When adjusting the saw in idle mode, you must adhere to the following standards in its work:
Carburetor adjustment
- the engine must function firmly and confidently;
- the minimum amount of waste burning fuel;
- the motor should have excellent acceleration.
- at full load, the chainsaw should develop high power with a minimum amount of gaseous waste;
- during robots the engine should not overheat (overheating of the motor is the first sign of poor fuel), slow down or stop at maximum load.
Important! Working saw "Friendship-4" without an air filter is prohibited, as this will lead to premature engine wear.
Clutch
The clutch consists of the following parts: the driving disk with 2 rings, the conducted disk with a rim of a g-shaped form. The rim rings of the drive plate are fixed with keys. The drive plate is attached to the splined end of the crankshaft, the driven disc is mounted on the shank of the drive wheel of the gearbox. Adjustment of this node is made only in the case when during operation of the saw chain begins to independently move along the tire. This is due to the loss of the rings of the elastic clutch during operation.
In order to return the former functionality of the rings, they are carried out by peeling the rivet using a sharp edge of the hammer. Stamping should be made from the outside, across the ring, evenly throughout its plane. As a result of the procedure, the clearance in the ring lock should be significantly reduced. To remove the side run of the ring ends, it is enough just to bend it by hand.
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Chain tension
The tension of the chain is adjusted after replacing the old chain with a new one, as well as during its running in, as it can quickly stretch during operation. This kind of procedure is performed by rotating the tensioner screw.
Regulating this knot, it is necessary to strive to ensure that during the delay of the lower branch of the chain from the tire in its central part, the edge of the connecting link of the chain is at a distance of no more than 10 mm from the edge of the tire. In this case, the tensioned chain must move freely along the tire by hand.
Did you know? Due to its functional completeness and reliability, in the 60s of the twentieth century the engine from the saw "Druzhba-4" was actively used in the Soviet aircraft. On its basis, light helicopters X-3, X-4 and X-5 were created.
Safety
Basic safety rules when working with a chainsaw:
- working with a faulty tool is strictly prohibited. Before each long period of operation, the chainsaw must be carefully checked for full serviceability, and all adjustable components must be set up;
- Work with the saw should be carried out exclusively in protective gear;
- saw control should be carried out with both hands;
- the maximum allowable time of working with a chainsaw during a shift with a regular break is 112 minutes, with an irregular - 48 minutes;
- All work with gas powered tools should be carried out exclusively outdoors;
- under no circumstances should the cable be wound on the arm when the motor is started up, and the chain should not touch any objects;
- when sawing the first surface of the wood, the stop of the gearbox should touch and only after that the saw chain is set in motion;
- cutting with the end part of the tire of the aggregate is strictly prohibited;
- release the clamped circuit only when the engine is off;
- in the event of an open circuit, the engine must be turned off;
- While working on felling trees, be sure to follow all safety rules for logging.
- All combustible materials are stored in an airtight container in a cool, fireproof place;
- when filling the tank with the engine off, at a distance of not less than 20 meters from any source of open flame;
- during refueling saw with combustible materials smoking is strictly prohibited;
- the sawed areas smeared in flammable liquids must be wiped dry.
Advantages and disadvantages
Like any other tool, Chainsaw "Friendship-4" has its pros and cons. Therefore, before acquiring this tool, it is necessary to weigh all the pros and cons, only in this case, the saw will not only be a bargain, but it will bring a lot of benefit to its owner.
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Main advantages of a saw of the Druzhba-4 brand:
- simple and durable construction;
- the ability to work in the most difficult conditions without interruption for 50 minutes;
- long handles that provide high security, reduce vibration and make it absolutely comfortable to cut while standing;
- all major saw assemblies are located in maximum availability, which speeds up the process of replacing worn parts;
- chain movement occurs only at high speeds;
- low-octane gasoline can be used as fuel for the saw;
- availability of emergency brake circuit;
- when the chain is stuck, the saw does not stall;
- despite its age, the tool makes it possible to create an even cut, regardless of the thickness of the wood;
- long service life (with proper care about 15-30 years).
Important! After every 24 hours of sawing, it is necessary to clean it from soot scale with partial disassembly. Otherwise, the wear of parts of the tool grows significantly.
The disadvantages of this unit is not so much:
- large weight of the saw, so not everyone can handle it;
- due to the fact that the chainsaw starter is removable, this node is often quite often lost;
- Druzhba-4 has no Stop button, so it must be turned off at every break;
- It is not so easy to purchase good components and spare parts for this saw, since most modern manufacturers produce insufficient quality parts with a low service life, so good parts can be purchased exclusively in flea markets.
In the presence of tools, the construction of a cellar with ventilation, a sheep house, a chicken coop, a verandah, a gazebo, pergolas, a fence, a blind area of the house, a smokehouse of hot and cold smoking, a path from spilov, a bathhouse, a gable roof, a wooden greenhouse, an attic
Chainsaw at work
Video: how the Friendship-4 chainsaw works
Video: Chainsaw "Friendship-4"
Chainsaw "Friendship-4" - it is a reliable and durable tool that is able to perform its task qualitatively. Despite the fact that the saw was released several decades ago, and today its technical characteristics are able to fully meet all basic household requirements. However, if you decide to purchase this property of domestic equipment for your own needs, you should remember that the use of this tool provides a good physical preparation, as in the assembled state the saw weighs quite a lot.
Reviews from the network
In my opinion, the chainsaw Friendship at the present moment is morally and technically obsolete trash even if it is new, but when it was certainly a miracle of Soviet engineering
