The fruits of this grape are inedible for humans, but with the help of lianas you can disguise dilapidated buildings in the country, arrange a gazebo or arch, decorate a solid fence or even a wall of a country house. Excellent decorative effect arises due to the palmate-complex leaves.
Girlish grapes grows just instantly, so for a short period of time it can cover a large area with green growth. The plant is a perennial, and therefore, after a couple of years, it completely encircles the building.
Grapes cling with tendrils that can thicken at the ends or have sticky pads. Strong enough to secure at a height of 10-15 meters - this is not the limit for the girl's grapes.
Description and photos of the main varieties of girlish grapes
There are several varieties of girlish grapes. The most famous of them are pyatilishok girlish grapes and triostrenous girlish grapes.
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Both species have good stamina. They are able to adapt to any light, but if in the fall you want to admire the red leaves, then you need to plant them on the sunny side.
The advantage of these species is that they are practically not attacked by various garden pestsand are resistant to typical diseases.
As mentioned above, girlish grapes are used to refine the garden plot, create arches and similar structures. Along with it, for this purpose they use the Arche grape, as well as the euonymus, ivy and creepers of Tunbergia.
Five Leaf
Another name for this variety is virgin grapes. The height of its creepers reaches 15-20 meters.
In summer, the foliage of the pyatilistochkovogo grapes bright green, and in the summer it becomes red. The leaves themselves have pointed tops and very long petioles.
In July, this grape blooms with small white flowers, from which by the autumn berries appear dark blue.
Grape shoots grow very quickly and cling to everything. Special "antennae-clinging" and suckers allow grapes to cling tightly to the surface.
The grape grows well on loose fertile soils, although it grows without problems on poorer soil. It has a really significant annual growth of vines - up to 2.5 meters.
Pests and various diseases rarely cling to virgin grapes. Gardeners noticed that sometimes can harm slugs.
Trio
Another name for this species is ivy-shaped girl grape. China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan are considered to be the birthplace of the triangular grapes. The creepers of this grape are also cold-resistant.
The beautiful leaves of this grape are extremely attractive for decorative purposes. In autumn, the leaves become bright red in color. Known triostrenic grape forms purple with maroon leaves.
There are also triostrenus grapes golden, which is distinguished by yellow splashes on green leaves.
And the most common type of garden plots is grape tria Vichy. The leaves are small, smooth and have a beautiful shape. The form is usually three-lobed or two-leaf. Leaf color is dark green in summer and bright orange in autumn.
This variety is particularly well established in the south of Russia, as well as in southern countries. During the season, the vine grape Vicha can grow by four meters under favorable conditions. Shoots are fixed on the fences and walls of houses with the help of suckers. Moreover, grapes also emit a special sticky substance that holds the liana on almost any surface.
Some gardeners grow Vici grapes on the soil. It pretty well grows, forming a carpet on the ground. The roots of this grape are shallow, so it is first grown in pots or containers.
Caring for grapes is the same as for other species, such as the common Isabella variety. That's just for the winter it should be harboring especially carefully, otherwise it may die.
Planting, care and breeding
When choosing a place to plant, you need to know that girlish grapes are not particularly picky about the soil.
In addition, it can grow on either side of the hedge: southern, northern, eastern or western.
Of course, on the western and northern sides, the leaves may be small in size, and their color will not change until the most frost. Fully grapes grow on the sunny side.
It is accepted to plant the girlish grapes in the spring - in April and May. Also planted grapes in autumn: in September, October. Before planting, the soil should be properly dug.
In the dry summer, it is worth paying special attention to watering young saplings of girlish grapes. Usually, a grape pit is made half a meter deep and wide, but much depends on the size of the roots.
It is recommended to lay drainage from broken brick, sand, rubble and peat compost at the bottom of the pit. If you fill up the pit in this way, as well as add other fertilizers, then a few years after planting you can forget about top dressing altogether.
How to germinate?
To improve the growth of sapling necessarily spend bait.
Do it several times a season. The first feeding needs to be planned for spring. For one cubic meter you need to make 40-50 grams of nitroammofoski.
With the beginning of the growth of grapes should be made 100-200 grams of fertilizer called "Kemira Universal".
Triostrenny grapes are fertilized in the fall with potash fertilizers. You can use Kalimagnezia or oven ash. For the rapid growth of shoots, it is customary to fertilize the plant with aquamarine (about 50 grams per square meter).
Be sure to periodically loosen the grapes, fight weeds, remove dry and unwanted leaves. The growth of grapes can be controlled by tying it in the right way.
Some gardeners cut the grapes to reduce their volume. To do this, use a secateur.
You should immediately monitor the desired form of grapes. When forming a maiden grape, use the following tips:
- fix the young shoots on the support (it can be a wall or fence), and then direct in the desired direction;
- if you can not cope with a naughty escape, you can immediately remove it;
- weak, damaged and thickening shoots need to be removed - this is called sanitary and deterrent pruning;
- during the dry summer, the grapes will need additional watering. In a normal summer, watering the grapes is not necessary often, it will be enough rain;
How to propagate by cuttings?
One of the accepted methods of breeding maiden grapes - layering and cuttings.
If you, for example, saw a beautiful overgrown girlish grape from your neighbors, then you can ask for a cut or buy seedlings on the spot.
Then they just need to plant.
If you take up breeding cuttingsthen first cut them so that on each branch there are several (from 4) healthy buds. When planting, two buds should remain above the ground, and two below it.
Next, you should cover the cuttings from the scorching sun and do not forget to water. It is believed that lignified cuttings take root better than others. They must be harvested in the spring, when the movement of the juices has not yet started in the plant.
Reproduction by long stem cuttings a little more complicated. At first, the two-meter sprout is cut off from an adult plant and buried in the ground at a depth of 2 cm. It should be watered regularly.
Gardener on the note
About the variety "Raspberry wine"
There is a special variety of girlish grapes "Raspberry wine". He is a perennial. The height of this grape reaches ten meters.
The peculiarity of the variety is that in summer the leaves are bright green. But with the arrival of autumn, they become burgundy, yellow, orange and red. Due to this feature, many owners of private houses decorate the facades with such grape vines.
This variety grows very strongly, both on the sunny side and in the shade, therefore it is required to periodically cut the plant.
About growing from seed
Growing maiden grapes from seed is an occupation for real professionals.
After all, such a plant will develop very slowly. And besides, the reproduction of girlish grapes with seeds takes much more time than layering.
You can plant seeds in the fall or spring. Before planting in the spring, it is recommended to stratify the seeds.
So, for 1.5-2 months before planting, you need to put the seeds in a container with wet sand and put in the refrigerator. Temperature should be about +5 C.
If you planted seeds in the fall, the seedlings appear at the beginning of next summer. And if you planted seeds in the spring after stratification, then the grapes will rise in 4 weeks.
Seeds of maiden grapes do not lose their germination throughout the year. They can be perfectly stored at room temperature. Before you take grapes to the country, you can grow it on the balcony.
Alexander Marchenko - a gardener with a wealth of experience in the cultivation of ornamental plants to decorate the garden, ponds and buildings, shares valuable tips on growing girlish grapes.
