Euonymus is one of the most controversial plants. Homeland euonymus are countries in subtropical and temperate climates.
Therefore, the plant is often found in the territory Japan, Madagascar, some countries of America and Europe.
Euonymus in nature can reach a height of 7 metershowever, for breeding plants in room conditions they use a dwarf species of Japanese spruce.
Such a creeping evergreen shrub rarely grows more than 1 meter in height.
Indoors, in a pot dwarf euonymus is no higher than 30 cm tall. The leaves are oblong in shape with a length of 4 cm. The sides of the leaf are slightly bent down and the edge is pointed.
The upper part of the sheet is bright green, but the lower part is of a gray shade. The flowers are small, solitary red-brown shade. Occasionally, flowers can be collected in small inflorescences of 2 cm in length, with 2-3 flowers each.
Important! You should be aware that fruit euonymus are poisonous to humans! In summer, the fruits (in the form of a box) have a pale green color, but by the fall they begin to turn red until they turn a burgundy shade.Very beautiful, but poisonous. If there are small children in the house, it is best to pick the fruits from the bush in advance.
Kinds
Consider the main species of euonymus:
- unique winged;
- beautiful european;
- unpretentious warty;
- Japanese.
A photo
You can evaluate the appearance of the dwarf euonymus using our photo gallery:
Plant Care
Despite the large number of species of euonymus, it was the dwarf Japanese euonymus that became popular among gardeners. The fact is that the plant makes extremely low demands on lighting and humidity.
The air in the room can be relatively dry, and the pot with the plant can stand in partial shade. However, in the warm season, the dwarf euonymus should be brought out from time to time to fresh air and aired.
It should be remembered that euonymus does not like bright sunshine. If direct sunlight falls on the leaves of the plant, they eventually begin to turn yellow or become covered with brown spots.
For the cultivation of dwarf euonymus optimum temperature + 18-20 degrees. But lowering or raising the temperature of the plant tolerates easily.
In the warm seasonwhen the air temperature is very high, euonymus should be more often watered and sprayed with clean water.
If the plant is planted in the ground, then it is protected for the winter, covering with any branches of coniferous trees.
Watering
In summer, euonymus should be water abundantly. But do not fill!
It is very important to organize a good drainage at the stage of planting a shrub in the pot so that the water does not stand at its roots.
The lower the air temperature, the less water is required.
In winter, watering should be moderate. But the soil around the plant should always be wet!
For irrigation, use only separated water. Defend the water should be at least a day.
Despite the fact that the plant is not picky about moisture, dwarf euonymus should be regularly sprayed. It certainly will not be worse, and the pests are removed very effectively with this treatment of the bush.
Top dressing
In principle, additional feeding to the dwarf euonymus not required. However, it will not be superfluous to feed the plant with mineral complex fertilizers in the spring and summer periods. More than once a month it is not required.
What kind of fertilizer should be used depends on the activity of the plant. It is known that dwarf Japanese euonymus two growth waves. The fact that the growth period is over, says the appearance of buds (cones) at the top of each shoot.
Conversely, when these buds begin to open and new leaves form, another wave of shrub growth is expected.
So, at the moment when the activity is just beginning, you should feed the plant with nitrogen fertilizers. In the middle of the period, you can use complex fertilizers, and at that moment, when the kidneys are formed - potassium phosphate.
Breeding
In most cases, Euonymus breeds vegetatively.
USEFUL! The shrub can be propagated by dividing the bush, root suckers, seeds and green cuttings.
Cuttings
The easiest way of reproduction is reproduction by green cuttings.
For this, in June-July, strong young cuttings are chosen from a length of 5 to 6 cm, and are planted under the film in a fertile substrate.
Then the greenhouse sprinkled with a layer of sand at 5 cm, and rooting cuttings are expected.
Usually, rooting occurs on the thirtieth day.
Seeds
Seed dwarf sparrow breed rarely. This is due to a certain complexity and duration of the process. If the seeds are not stratified before planting, they will germinate no earlier than a year later. After seed preparation, germination occurs much faster.
Sow the prepared seeds in the ground, which consists of:
- leaf land - 4 parts;
- humus - 2 parts;
- turfy land - 1 part;
- sand - 1 part.
The first shoots appear on the 15th day. In the spring or autumn plants fall asleep mulch. In the summer they fertilize using mullein. In the cold season, the bed is covered with spruce leaves to prevent freezing. Transplantation of grown plants on the main site is produced in the third year.
NOTE! If you like euonymus, then you will definitely be interested in no less beautiful ornamental shrubs, such as: Broom, Skimmy and Leptospermum.
Stratification
For stratification take calcined coarse sand.
Take the seeds and sand in a ratio of 1: 2 and mix thoroughly.
Seeds in the sand are kept at a temperature of + 10 degrees for three months.
Then, when the shell burst on the seeds, they are stored for 4-5 months, but the temperature should be lower - about 2-3 degrees.
To prevent the seeds from dying, they should process solution of potassium permanganate.
Transfer
Young shrub first 5 years transplanted every year in a larger pot. After 5 years, the plant can be transplanted less frequently - about 1 time in three years.
Important! Never combine transplant with anti-aging pruning plants. Since after trimming the plant is significantly weakened, and may not suffer a transplant.
Shrub pruning
Anti-aging pruning is performed as the shoots dry out throughout the year. But it is best to prune or pinch the shoots. in the spring. To crown was thick and beautiful.
Timely and correct pruning makes it possible to form a bush or standard stage tree. Indeed, after pruning, dormant buds begin to actively develop, from which young shoots develop.
Branches and trunk dwarf Euonymus characterized by flexibility and ductilityand with some experience and perseverance can be formed in the form of bonsai.
Diseases
If the leaves of the shrub begin to fade, their edges are curled, and the tips wither, then it means that the plant gets too much sunlight. And shading is required.
If the euonymus begins to shed its leaves, then this indicates low humidity in the room or high temperature.
You should move the shrub to a cooler room and spray the leaves with clean water.
If the growth of the bush has stopped, and the lower leaves quickly turn yellow and then fall, then, most likely, you just poured plant. Very dangerous moment! If it comes to rotting the roots, the euonymus is likely to die.
Pests
The main pests affecting the dwarf euonymus are flat red mite, spider mite and scarab.
If brown plaques appear on the surface of the stem and leaves, this is talks about the appearance of shield insects. In the future, the leaves turn yellow, lose their color and eventually fall off. The method of dealing with this pest standard: plant spray 3 times a week a fifteen percent solution of atellik.
A spiderweb appears on the stems in the internodes, and the leaves wither and eventually fall off - the plant struck a spider mite. If the pest is not much, then it will be enough wash the spindle under a warm shower or wipe the leaves with a sponge dipped in soapy water.
IMPORTANT! If the defeat of the bush is strong, then it should be treated with an atellik, as when fighting with a shield.
If light dots appear on the leaves, and the leaf is deformed, it means the plant struck by a red flat tick. Especially this pest loves young shoots. To combat ticks should be as follows: damaged leaves should be removed, and the plant itself is sprayed with any insecticide.
Euonymus looks very beautiful! Though in the garden, even on the windowsill in a pot. Of course, this shrub requires a certain care and create a comfortable environment. But on the other hand, he will decorate any room without any problems by bringing a piece of Japan into it.
