Rose - recognized beauty of gardens and greenhouses. This perennial ornamental plant is found in the form of shrubs. It belongs to the genus Rosehip family Pink.
Sometimes people doubt what a rose is - a shrub or a grassy plant. Perhaps such doubts arise from the fact that there are plants of the same name — the Jericho rose, stockrose, which belong to the herbaceous ones. However, these are different plant families.
Externally, the rose is a shrub whose stems are covered with thorns, and the flowers have a varied shape with a large number of petals. Rose flowers exude a pleasant scent.
There are many types of roses, each of which has its own many varieties. Wherever a rose does not grow today, this flower, thanks to selections, grows both in the south and in northern latitudes.
Did you know? There are varieties that are more resistant to winter frosts. These include rose hips (wrinkled rose, canine rose, gray-gray, feminine wavy, prickly, and so on), Canadian roses (Morden Blush, John Cabot, Champlain, Adelaide Hudless, Gurney Kelsey, Alexander Mackenzie, Hope for Humanity).
Rose shapes
Roses are bred in gardens, greenhouses and flower beds, decorated with curbs, stalls and rabatki. They are good in single landings and group compositions. In addition, roses are grown for cutting, because the bouquets of them are very popular. Also grown roses at home.
Depending on the species, there are some differences in how the rose grows. There are such forms of roses:
- creeping (up to 30 cm);
- miniature rose (up to 40 cm);
- bush (more than 60 cm);
- standard roses (up to 100 cm);
- weeping standard rose (up to 150 cm);
- colonic rose (2.5 m);
- climbing rose (more than 3 m).
Creeping or groundcover rose. From the name you can guess that this species grows more in width than in height. Groundcover roses come in various varieties, some of them are low and have creeping shoots. There are shrubs with falling shoots, and there are growing straight and strongly branched.
There are many options for decorating the garden with this type of roses. They are unpretentious, winter-hardy and can bloom until the frost. In the care of creeping roses do not require regular pruning of the shoots. Broken, weak and frozen shoots are removed from them, that is, only sanitary pruning is performed.
To creeping roses include such varieties: Kubana, Crystal Fairy, Deborah, Siesta, Zomerwind, Le Carte Season, Hellow, Larisa, Diamant, Ferdi, Knirps, Scarlet, Ballerina and others. They are good for carpet rose gardens, will serve as a wonderful decoration of the ceremonial zone of flower beds, borders.
A miniature rose. This form of roses came to Europe from China, it happened in 1810. Plants of this species reach a height of 20-40 cm. Description of the plant is a miniature rose: low shrubs of very beautiful build with small flowers 1.5-2 cm in diameter. Flowers appear singly in inflorescences, often fragrant, there are different colors. Miniature roses bloom profusely and almost continuously.
Varieties of miniature roses include simple non-double flowers, dense double flowers, and there are flowers with slowly blooming goblet buds. They are bred as indoor roses, planted in flower beds, on curb flower beds, in containers. They can also be planted in open ground, but in a sunny place with good drainage.
Varieties of miniature roses: Heidi Klum Rose, Shuga Baby, Peach Clementine, Aprikot Clementine and others. These varieties are resistant to diseases and varied in color.
Shrub rose. Cluster tea include hybrid roses, noisytovye. Shrub roses are most often used in group plantings on the background of green lawns. They are the most popular for bouquets, and indeed they are the most popular roses in the world.
Hybrid Tea Roses possess such dignity as a large flower of beautiful shape on a long peduncle. The flower has a spectacular goblet shape, velvet or satin petals, a rich palette of colors and aromas.
This form of roses begins to bloom from June and blooms until the autumn frosts. Flowers are usually isolated on peduncles, but may be in small inflorescences at the end of upright shoots. The shoots in height reach 60-100 cm. This is a heat-loving group of roses, so you need to cover them for the winter.
Popular varieties of spray roses: Gloria Day, Black Baccarat, Mainzer Fastnacht, Double Delight, Golden Medallion, Cleopatra, Chopin and others.
Standard roses. This form of roses is admirable. The standard rose has such a structure that the plants of this type look more effective in a single planting in the middle of the lawn or on the front part of the garden.
Standard roses are from 40 cm to 100 cm in height. The shape of the crown is rounded. Miniature roses and compact ground cover roses are grafted onto small shtaby ... Tea hybrid roses and floribunda (derived at the beginning of the 20th century, the intermediate group between hybrid tea and polyanthus roses) are grafted onto shtambi 80-100 cm high.
Weeping Standard Rose. This form of roses is up to 150 cm in height. They are created by grafting on a strong-growing stock of gray-gray or wrinkled roses of ground-covering and climbing roses. As a result, cascades descend from the tree, sometimes to the very ground. For grafting, it is important to choose winter-hardy varieties that grow well in a certain climatic zone and that bloom continuously.
Colony rose. It reaches a height of 2.5 m. This is a little-known type of roses. It is a stem like a stem tree, but the grafting is done not only in the crown, that is, in the apex of the trunk, but along the whole of the trunk in a checkerboard pattern. Varieties can be grafted in different types. This complex culture during flowering strikes with its unusual appearance, because the grafted roses bloom in a variety of ways - in appearance and color. It is important to choose the right bob - even and correct thickness.
Climbing rose. Features of the structure of climbing roses are the following: this form of roses is divided into 1.5-3 m tall plants, which need support and have rigid upright stems - climber, and roses with thin long and flexible shoots reaching 5 m in height - ramblers .
Climers have large flowers with varying degrees of terry. They are formed on short peduncles growing from skeletal branches. Flowering is a single and re-flowering. Many fragrant varieties.
Ramblers characterized by the fact that the flowers appear on the shoots of past years - once and abundantly. The flowers are small, varying degrees of terry and are collected in lush inflorescences. They are more resistant to fungal diseases than climers.
Popular varieties of climbing roses: New Dawn, Flamentments, Maritim, Jasmina, Amaretto, Amadeus, Rosana, Salita, Schneewaltzer and others.
Important! Garden roses, propagated by the seed method, do not pass on all their qualities. To preserve them, the plant needs to be propagated in a vegetative way - by grafting or budding.
What color roses are, coloring options
Flower rose has a general description of the appearance, however, as mentioned above, there are many species and varieties that differ in appearance from each other. As for the coloring options, there are a lot of them, and some are striking in their outlandishness. The wonders of selection have presented the world a variety of colors of roses - monophonic and multi-colored.
The most common today are monochrome roses of such colors as red, pink, white, yellow, cream, orange. But today you can find roses and green, blue, black. Of course, there are no completely black roses in nature. The plant has no gene, so that you can bring this color. You can bring a very maroon rose. Absolutely black roses are created by coloring the bud - inks are added to a vase with water where the flower is dipped.
Blue roses are obtained by combining rose genes and pansies genes. At the rose itself, the gene giving blue or blue color is absent. It took 14 years of hard work to create a blue rose.
As for the non-monotonous roses, that is, two-color, multi-color, striped, mixed, painted and even varieties of chameleons. Chameleon varieties are characterized by the fact that over time the shade of the flower changes. In the inflorescence can simultaneously be flowers of different colors. An example is the Masquerade variety.
There are a lot of two-color roses. At the same time, colors can smoothly flow from one to another, sometimes the difference in color of a bud is very sharp. There are roses, in which the delimitation of flowers takes place in the middle of the flower. There are flowers in which the upper and lower sides of the petal have a different color (Piccadilly variety). In some varieties, the main part of the flower petals is colored in one color, and on the edges - in another. Either the main part is one color, and another color is visible from the base.
There are roses with clear edges along the edges of the petals. To create such varieties, a carnation gene or tulip is added to the plant's DNA. After this modification, dots, lines and other attributes of mixed flowers appear on the petals. An example of a variety of striped roses is Rosa Mundi.
Painted roses are called, in which the petals of silver have red spots, a feathery pattern or a white eye at the base. Variety of painted roses - Regensberg.
Did you know? Cultural roses are descended from wild relatives. The most common type of wild rose is the well-known wild rose. Briar himself is from northern Europe. A Gallic rose was brought from the Middle East. These types of roses are considered the progenitors, vintage varieties of roses.
Variety of petal shapes
The forms of rose petals are as follows: 
- flat;
- bent;
- wavy;
- toothed.
Rose flower shapes
Some roses have an inflorescence like carnations, peonies, camellias and other flowers. The shape of the flowers of the rose is also varied. Rosebuds are:
- with conical center (goblet);
- with loose center;
- falling apart;
- spherical;
- cups;
- cupped with quadrated center;
- flat;
- double rosette;
- pompons
Roses with a cone-shaped center considered a classic form of rose flowers. It is inherent in hybrid tea varieties of roses. It is characterized by long inner petals that fold into a cone.The shape of flowers with a loose center - inner petals do not close tightly. They form the middle with an indefinite form.
Falling flower shape - this is the correct form. At the end of flowering petals are widely disclosed so that the stamens are visible.
Spherical shape of flowers looks like this: a lot of concave petals form a ball that covers the center of the flower.
Rose Shape - many petals form a bowl, while not covering the middle of the flower.
Cup-shaped with a square center of roses have internal petals that do not cone, but instead form four separate sectors.
Flat rose flowers - numerous petals of a flat, slightly concave to the middle of the flower.
Gooseberry rosette flower shape looks like a flat, slightly concave in the middle of the flower. It has a lot of petals, which are arranged in regular rows. Petals in this form are short.
Pompon flower shape - It is a rounded rose flower with many short petals arranged in regular rows.
Important! On the terry flower roses are simple (5 petals), semi-double (10-20 petals, which are located in 2-4 rows of 5 pieces each), double (20-50 petals, located in 5-8 rows), thick-double (50 and more petals are arranged in 8 or more rows).
What are the leaves of flowers
The leaves of roses are complex, pinnate. They consist of stipule, petiole and three or more leaflets. Many believe that cultivated varieties of roses necessarily have 5 leaves, but this is a delusion. The presence of five leaves is the hallmark of hybrid tea roses, but for them it is not a strict rule.
The surface can be smooth, highly shiny, smooth, shiny, matte (leathery), wrinkled. The color of the leaves of roses can be green, dark green, light green, bronze. The size of the leaves of wild roses is smaller than that of cultivated plants. All characteristics of the leaves depend on the variety of roses.
Important! The stems of roses are covered with thorns, which come in various sizes and shapes. This is a natural protection of the plant, about which you can hurt yourself.
Smell not only flowers: classification of roses by aroma
Roses are flowers with fragrant buds. A variety of roses applies to its aromas - there is no single concept of "rose scent". Each species and variety has its own flavor characteristics. It can differ in intensity, character of a smell, special notes.
The strongest smell of a rose can be felt when blooming a bud. With the fading of the bud, the aroma weakens. Biologically, this is explained by the fact that the fragrance of a flower is given to attract insects. Rose petals secrete essential oil, so they smell the most.
Roses smell differently. There are pleasant aromas, and there are repulsive. For example, Rose Foetida smells harshly like turpentine. There is a classic "pink" aroma, and there are fruit, honey, berry, wine, and spicy scents of roses. There are roses that smell like lilies of the valley, mushrooms (variety Mauris Utrillo), moss.
Pink scent associated with the smell of rose oil produced from the Kazanlik rose variety. Very fragrant rose petals Gallic, Alba, Damascus, tsentifolnyh. Classic pink fragrance is often complemented by other notes - blueberry, raspberry, vanilla, clove sticks.
Fruit flavors roses are inherent in many roses. The classic pink scent is complemented by hints of raspberry, nectarine, orange, lemon, melon, banana - an incredible variety. Some of the Bourbon roses smell like apples, and Rosa Eaganteria is different in that they smell young leaves.
Is popular tea rose scent. It can be described as a mixture of muscatel wine smells, nasturtiums and fruits. Roses with tea aroma: Moulinex, Pegasus, Jane Austen, Gloria de Dijon and others.
Another fragrance characteristic of some types of roses is musky. The sweet spicy smell with fruit and honey notes is distinguished not by rose petals, but by its stamens. Musky aromas are heard only if you lean towards the flower. Varieties of musk roses: Felicia, Baf Beauty, Cornelia, Daphnia and others.
There are roses smelling spices and aromatic herbs. Madame Figaro has an aniseed aroma, Agnes Schilliger smells like mulled wine - nutmeg, ginger, berries and cinnamon. The rose notes are endowed with Viridiflora and Rein de Violets.
Roses and carnations smell Hans, Chrysler Imperial, Heritage, Crimzon Gloria, Rouge Mediland.
Vanilla flavor varieties have Jardins de Bagatel, Rosoman Jeanon and others.
Myrrh fragrance peculiar to Austin breeding varieties. This is a spicy sweet aroma, something reminiscent of the smell of anise.
Flower aromas also characteristic of roses. Roses can smell like jasmine, lily of the valley, lily, freesia, lilac. Sometimes there is a little powdery scent of violets.
Balsamic aroma - slightly coniferous, resinous. It is inherent in mossy roses. They have sepals and peduncle covered with hairs that look like moss. It is these hairs that give off the smell. In order to feel the smell, you need to rub the villi with your fingers. An example of a variety of moss rose is William Lobb.
There was a period when breeders did not bother about the smell of displayed varieties, so many of them are odorless. But The smell of roses is important, fragrant species are very popular, and even the position of an aroma expert in leading rosarist nurseries has appeared. From the variety of roses spinning head.
A huge variety of species and varieties, they are very different from each other in their general form, the shape of flowers, leaves, and aroma. But all of them are united by decorativeness and popularity for the decoration of gardens and flowerbeds. When choosing roses for cultivation, you need to rely on the conditions required by the plant and which the gardener can provide, as well as the complexity of cultivation - not all varieties of roses can grow a newbie.
