When choosing an apple tree, gardeners often prefer time-tested varieties. Many admired Rennet Simirenko apples enjoy unceasing popularity.
Good yield, spicy wine-sweet taste of fruits and the established scheme of tree care are excellent contributors to this.
What kind is it?
The variety "Simirenko" comes from the domestic apple (Malus domestica) and refers to varietal group "Renet". Being obtained naturally, this grade is late winter. Experts rightly consider "Renet Simirenko" the best variety in food and agrotechnical properties among apple trees with green skin of fruits.
Apples "Simirenko" refer to the winter stored until June or even September when grown in gardens with zaluzheniem (dense grassy vegetation).
By the winter varieties also belong to the Youth, Orlovskoe Polesie, Berkutovsky, Bratchud and Vityaz.
Pollination
Being a self-fruitless variety, "Renet Simirenko" needs close proximity to apple pollinators of the varieties "Aydared", "Memory Sergeyev", "Korey", "Kuban spur" or "Golden Delicious".
Apple tree "Simirenko" partially self-pollinated, tying at the same time about 11% of all fruits.
Description variety Renet Simirenko
Trees varieties "Simirenko" grow very high, tall, above the average size and different lush sprawling crown.
Autumn joy, Shtriel, April, Bogatyr and Aromatny are also distinguished by their tallness.
On dark gray branches with a brownish or reddish tinge there are elongated curved leaves of light green color with jagged edges, forming a rounded crown.
The flowering of white flowers of medium size in this apple rather late, and the harvest occurs in mid-autumn. Fruiting mixed, that is, on various fruit formations, such as lance, kolchatki and fruit twigs.
When pruning, be careful not to remove the branches with fruit formations. Otherwise, the volume of the future harvest will be significantly reduced.
Apples "Renet Simirenko" stand out light or bright green color with a white rush and bright spots on the peel, in sunny summer, touched by a gentle blush. Also for a variety, it is natural to have small warts on the skin of up to 7 mm in size and often 2-3 pieces per fruit - this is a special sign of the variety.
The fruits of the apple stick to the branches for a long time, waiting for the harvest.
The size of apples is medium or even large, weight up to 200 gand the shape varies from round-conical to flat round. The surface of the fruit is smooth and even, as well as asymmetric. Very fragrant apples "Simirenko" have a delicate sweet-sour taste with a spicy tinge.
Doctors especially recommend this variety, which does not contain anthocyanins, for people with metabolic disorders and for dietary nutrition.
Breeding history
"Renet Simirenko" was spread, first appeared on the Platonic Farm in Cherkasy region in Ukraine. The owner of the garden, L. P. Simirenko, accidentally discovered this variety and was very puzzled.
It is still unclear whether the tree grew from an unknown seed or belonged to the old forgotten varieties. In the future, "Simirenko" actively cultivated and spread throughout the world.
Distribution region
The variety of apples Renet Simirenko is recommended for cultivation in the south of Russia, in the Central Black Earth strip, in the Kuban and in Ukraine. Apple Renet Simirenko develops best and bears fruit in the steppe or forest-steppe zones, where the warm climate and rich in nutrients soil create all the conditions for this.
In the central part of Russia, a gardener may face difficulties - this variety does not differ in winter hardiness and sometimes freezes even in the south. A warm shelter and meticulous care will help solve the problem.
If you need a winter-hardy variety, pay attention to Veteran, Winter Beauty, Moscow Late, Orlovskoye Polesye
Yield
"Simirenko" refers to the average varieties of precociousness. The first harvest tree gives only the 6th year of life. If you use a short stock for grafting, you can wait for the harvest for the 4th year. Young trees bear fruit annually, and more adults - to a lesser extent or every 2 years.
First, each apple tree brings 12-15 kg of fruit, and at the age of 10 years - about 100 kg per year. As a rule, the crop is removed in late September or early October.
Good yields are demonstrated by the following varieties: Bryansk, Orlov, Marina, Antonovka and Aport.
Planting and care
Planting an apple tree is recommended in the autumn when there is still a whole month before frost. (in the period of September 20 - October 15), or in early spring (in the last decade of April).
If the gardener was late in the fall with planting until October 20, it is better to prikopat apple tree in the ground, and in the spring to plant. In the garden on the plot, the optimal landing pattern is as follows: 0.8–1 m by 2.5 m.
In order to properly plant the Renet Simirenko apple tree, it is important to adhere to the following scheme:
- We dig a hole (preferably 7 days before planting), which is 60 cm deep and 1 m in diameter. The upper fertile layer of the earth is useful for filling the pit - we fold it in one side separately from the lower one.
- In advance prepare the peg for the support of the tree. We burn its lower end so that the wooden peg does not rot.
- We prepare the soil. Clay soil with the addition of river sand and peat is the best option. But if sandy soil is used, we introduce humus or peat into it.
- Loosen the bottom of the pit with a shovel and fill it with the soil that was previously deposited and filled with humus - a layer about 20 cm thick.
- If desired fertilizing - 1 or 2 buckets of wood ash and manure.
- Fall asleep the remaining space of the pit is fertile land or specially prepared soil. There should be a mound about 20 cm high.
Attention - if we neglect the correct filling of the pit, we will have to transplant a poorly rooted seedling and risk its safety.
- We drive a peg into the center of the knoll.
- The assistant holds the seedling over the pit, the roots of the tree are straightened in the shape of a hill.
- We fall asleep the roots on top of the fertile land and lightly tamp it down. The root neck (the place where the trunk enters the root system) should be located above the ground. If it is deepened, the sapling will die.
- Water the tree - 3 or 4 buckets of 10 liters each.
- We mulch the earth around the trunk with sawdust.
- We tie up the seedling to the peg with a knot-figure eight.
- In the future, you must carefully follow all the rules for the care of apple trees.
- Watering. It is necessary to regularly water the still not fruitful apple tree, preventing the land from drying out - about 3 times per season, 3-5 buckets per tree. The lack of moisture will affect the growth of shoots, and, hence, the future harvest.
Starting from the end of July, watering stops so that the apple tree prepares for winter. The norms for the number of buckets for fruit-bearing trees are the same, however, watering should be done at the following stages: during flowering, before the formation of ovaries in June, 2 or 3 weeks before the apples are fully ripe. With the close occurrence of groundwater irrigation rates are adjusted.
- Top dressing. In the spring before the beginning of the growing season, the apple tree is fed with nitrogen fertilizers. In autumn it is necessary to fertilize trees with manure and mineral complex.
To feed an apple tree with ammonium nitrate should be superficial way. Phosphate fertilizers are introduced into earthen grooves about 30 cm deep around the stem.
- Pruning. In young apple trees, only shoots no less than 60 cm long should be cut. This will allow to preserve a one-year growth, on which most of the fruits are tied.
- Wintering. Apple "Simirenko" normally endures drought and heat, does not suffer from strong winds and does not shed fruit. However, she does not like winter cold, does not tolerate frosts, which damage shtamb and branches even in the south.
Therefore, the tree needs to shelter the roots and mulching pristvolnogo circle in the fall. Mulch will serve peat, compost or humus. Due to the rapid growth of shoots, the krone affected by the cold recovers quickly.
Also, young trees have a need for tying trunks.. With age, the crust thickens and the hares will no longer be afraid of them. Another good way to protect a bole is to whitewash lime or chalk.
Too dense crown and frozen branches during the winter require regular and timely thinning.
Diseases and pests
Unfortunately, the apple tree "Simirenko" prone to powdery mildew and scab.
The prevention of these ills is the frequent and proper thinning of the crown.
Usually scab apple tree infected from last year's foliage. Moreover, if the young leaves get sick, it will be very difficult to save the tree.
In order to avoid problems, it is necessary to burn all the old leaves, mummified fruits and branches that fell last year.
If the Simirenko apple tree is still sick, you should not immediately use Bordeaux liquid. It copes well with the disease, but inhibits the growth of fresh leaves. It is best to use one of the following drugs: Polycarbacin (40 g), Acrobat M (25 g), Euparine (10-15 g) or Didan M (25 g).
The product is diluted in 10 liters of water and applied every 2 weeks. For optimal results, the drugs alternate. Euparen also struggles with powdery mildew - processing is carried out similarly.
If the summer was hot and dry, experts recommend treating the tree with one of the tools listed above 2 weeks before picking the apples. Otherwise, it is very likely that the fruit will become infected with scab and rot during storage. Processing is carried out carefully, and special attention is paid to the underside of the leaves and the surface of the apples.
Frequent guests in fruit gardens are such harmful insects as fruit sapwood, silkworms, mining moths, moths, and haws.
To protect the tree from pests, in the spring it is necessary to spray it with drugs with copper, and before flowering - with a mixture of "Zolona" and "Skor".
It is important not to forget to remove weeds. Also It is recommended to place a corrugated paper trap on a tree trunk. This will stop the pests and prevent them from entering the crown..
In early spring, before the appearance of flower buds and the beginning of sap flow, You can spray an apple tree with a solution of 700 g of urea in 10 liters of water.
This procedure will destroy all insects preserved from the autumn on the tree and under it. Then once a month, you can spray "Simirenko" with biological preparations like "Fitoverm", "Healthy Garden" or "Agravertin". Do not interfere with the processing of the garden "Zircon", helping to increase the endurance of the apple and its resistance to diseases.
Variety "Renet Simirenko" - this is a great option for many gardeners. High yield, resistance to drought and winds, long-term preservation of delicious fruits - all this can not fail to attract. One has only to adapt to caring for an apple tree - and the gardener will not rejoice at it.
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