Growing a sunny fruit, as grapes have been called since ancient times, is always a difficult process, full of secrets and fascinating.
And for an experienced winemaker with many years of experience, and for a beginner in the art of viticulture, it is important to decide which variety will decorate his plot, which cultivation and care features will help you enjoy the unique taste of the “sun product” and the aroma of sparkling wine.
The Livadia Black variety is very popular with grape lovers. Dessert wines high quality with amazing tones of prunes, nutmeg and chocolate - the final product obtained from this delicious variety.
What kind is it?
Livadia black refers to the best technical (wine) varieties with nutmeg flavor and black berries when fully ripe. 20-25% is the sugar content of fruits with an acidity of 7-10 g / l. It is not recommended to delay with harvesting, acidity and sugar content decrease at full maturity.
Technical varieties also include Levokumsky, Bianca and Crystal.
Mainly used for the production of light dessert wines. Estimates of drinks from Livadia black grapes during tasting consistently have the highest rates.
Appearance
The clusters of Livadia black have an average size. The shape is cylindrical, and occasionally cylindrical specimens may occur.
The density of clusters is quite moderate, and the average mass of one is in the range of 200-250 g.
Slightly oval or rounded berries form clusters, the mass of berries is 1.5-2 g. They have a dark characteristic color almost black.
Berries very juicyThe thin skin makes eating or processing very enjoyable. Light muscat flavor gives the berries a delicious taste. Another important point - easy separation from the stem.
The special taste is also distinguished by Ruta, Chocolate and Tayfi.
The vine has good aging characteristics. The number of clusters is left depending on the age of the vine. The maximum number of clusters is left on the plants. after 4 years of growth.
ATTENTION: it is undesirable to plant grapes in the shade. It is necessary to provide support for the vine.
Breeding history
The variety was created at the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Wine-Making and Viticulture "Magarach" under the direct supervision of an outstanding geneticist and a specialist in the physiology of grapes Pavel Yakovlevich Golodrigi.
His hand also belongs to Gurzufsky Pink, Delight and Amethyst.
Livadia black belongs to the most famous types of technical grapes, which received a start in life on experimental plantations of the famous scientific center.
Crimea became the birthplace and the main region of growing a new variety. But the long-term work of breeders to improve their offspring has significantly expanded the geography of its planting.
More northern regions of Russia and Ukraine are becoming a place where Livadia Black successfully engraves and delights winegrowers with its crops.
Description of the Livadia Black grape variety
The variety meets all the basic requirements for wine grapes varieties:
- resistant to pests, diseases and frost;
- contains the maximum amount of minerals and vitamins;
- juice content in berries reaches 80-90%;
- sugar content not lower than 20%;
- the structure of the brush corresponds to the optimal ratio of the weight of the comb to the weight of the berries. This eliminates the negative effect of the green part of the comb on the taste of the wine;
- load on the bush - up to 30 eyes.
Productivity usually fluctuates within 110-150 c / hathat is a good indicator. Resistant to frost down to -25 degrees. On an eight-point tasting scale, the score is 8 points.
Super Extra, Arched and Beauty of the North are also frost resistant.
Among the drawbacks, it should be noted that the grapes do not look very luxurious, which is typical of most wine varieties. This nuance is quite compensated by excellent taste and wine-making characteristics.
A photo
Diseases and pests
There are no plants completely immune to diseases. A lot of trouble growers and deliver various pests. In time to warn and neutralize these phenomena will be the key to a good harvest, harvested without loss.
Pests
The most dangerous pests include grape aphid, tree borers, weevils, thrips, worms, cicadas, wasps, ticks, leafworms, grape mosquitoes, moths and fleas. The main food for them are young shoots and leaves.
The development of insects occurs with the obligatory laying of eggs on the underside of the leaves. Spray on visual grounds with contact insecticides.
After a thorough examination of the bushes and the removal of all damaged shoots, it is necessary to fight goldfish and tree borers. Only then can you start spraying. It is necessary to apply weeding the vineyard and promptly remove dry leaves and fruits from the bushes.
Bacterial diseases
This group of diseases is caused by bacteria living in the soil and the plants themselves. The most common are:
- Bacterial cancer, the causative agent of which lives in all types of soil. The disease is not treated, the only way to combat it is to burn a diseased plant, from which it is prohibited to take planting material. Within 3 years, a new plant cannot be planted at the site of the disease.
- Apoplexy also not treated and manifests itself rapidly wilting bush. The only protection in these cases are preventive measures. Only proper care, precautions when buying planting material, timely fertilization will save from incurable bacterial diseases.
- Mildew or powdery mildew affects the whole bush. Disputes spread with the slightest breeze or with drops of moisture, able to survive the winter in the soil or on the leaves. Removal of dry plant waste and fungicidal spraying of soil around bushes are effective methods of preventing disease.
- White grapes suffer from grapes. With the berries can move to the shoots, which gradually begin to die. It is necessary to immediately destroy the infected brush and spray bushes with the preparations "Kolfugo Super" and "Funzodol".
Do not forget about such common diseases of grapes as oidium, anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis, rubella. In time taken preventive measures will ensure safety and a good harvest.
The love of grapes is well known, from the smallest gourmets to the elderly people one can hardly find someone who says that he does not like the sweet berries filled with the sun.
The hard and painstaking work of growing and caring for grapes pays off with moments of pleasure from the taste of amazing fruits. Livadia black variety will be a real decoration of your site and table.
If you like black grapes, pay attention to Moldova, Bull's Eye and Black Finger.
