Wine grapes

Wine is an alcoholic beverage produced from the fermented grape juice as a result of its fermentation process.

If the drink is made from other berries or fruits, it is not considered wine.

Wines are different in color, taste, strength and characteristics. The basis of the wine is grapes. It was he who sets the tone for the drink.

Making a wine drink is a whole art that starts with grapes. Winegrowers note that a good wine grape has a certain structure - berries, as a rule, are small, clusters should not be large, and the juice content in a berry should be more than 80 percent.

Grapes should have a pronounced taste, often tart, and the smell of berries should be rich.

Which are considered the best grapes, learn on our website.

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Wine making stages

Winemaking is divided into two stages:

• Grape harvesting, fermentation and clarification;
• Exposure, refilling and bottling.

Of course, this is a brief description of the stages, since the production technology is complex, and the process takes a long time.

Grapes are produced at the maximum ripening of berries. Sometimes it is allowed to collect over-ripe berries, as the sugar content should be as high as possible.

White grapes ripen a little later red.

Grape varieties that produce wine

Aligote

The most popular variety. French variety, non-resistant to aging. Berries are yellow-green, spotty, with red veins, the leaves are dark green.

Aligote grape wines are light, with a pleasant delicate taste. The variety is suitable for making sparkling wines.

Albillo

Spanish wine variety. Berries ripen and bear poorly. Berries are yellow-green, small. Used for the preparation of high quality wines, such as port wine or Madeira, suitable for the production of sherry.

Aranel

French variety. Berries ripen early, dense clusters, green with a golden hue.

Suitable for the manufacture of white wines with a rich aroma.

Armavir

Hybrid variety. Berries are black with thick skin. Mature late. Suitable for the preparation of red dessert wines, less common table.

Barbera

Italian late ripening variety. The berries are red, with a tart taste and smell. Suitable for long-lasting red wines.

The wines are aromatic, tart and currant flavored. The color of the wine is dark, saturated.

Bastardo Magarach

Technical variety with small dark blue berries without aroma. Used for the preparation of predominantly dry wine with a rich bouquet and notes of chocolate, cherry, berries and even wild rose.

Wine turns thick ruby ​​color, high quality.

Verdello

Portuguese variety, home - the island of Madeira. The berries are small, greenish with a golden hue. Sweet to taste, with a delicate aroma.

It is suitable for the production of Madeira sorts of wine, as well as for strong and sherry wines.

Viognier

Clusters are small with small round berries almost white. The berries have the aroma of musk, not arranged for aging. White wines are obtained with musk or apricot aroma, rather rich and sweet.

Grenache

Popular variety. There are two types - white and noir (Black). White is cultivated, noir is a very ancient variety with sugar berries. Used for high quality red wines.

Often used to dilute wines from other grape varieties due to the strong sweetness and pronounced taste.

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Goma

French variety suitable for the manufacture of red wines, mostly dry. The wine is light, with a delicate aroma of berries or fruits.

Gewurztraminer

White grape variety is from France. Very fragrant variety, suitable for the production of sweet wines. Wines have a rich aroma of honey, rose or citrus.

Dolchette

Italian red grapes. The berries are not arranged for aging, suitable for red wines that have a pleasant fruity aroma.

Zinfandel

American variety, wines derived from grapes of this variety are highly alcoholic with a tart sour taste.

The aroma can be with notes of spices and pepper, as well as roses and berries.

Idiveren

Turkish variety. The berries are small, black. Used in the preparation of light red wines with a fresh unsaturated flavor.

Cabernet Sauvignon

Perhaps the most famous grape variety. French variety with small dark blue berries. It is made from a rich red wine with a tart aroma of black currant, chocolate or juniper notes.

Kokur

White grape variety. Crimean variety resistant to aging. The berries are green, medium size, oval. Suitable for the preparation of white dessert wines with a light aroma.

Carmener

Red grape variety grown mainly in Chile. The wine turns sweet, with hints of plum, coffee or black berries.

Cortese

Italian white grape variety. Used in the manufacture of Piedmont wines, as well as sparkling and champagne. Aromatic light variety, the wines from which have a faint aroma of lime or berries.

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Leon Millau

Grape variety for the production of red wine. The berries are large, blue-red. The wine is velvety, with a pleasant aroma of cherry or chocolate.

Livandian black

Variety with small berries and dense bunch. Used in the preparation of light wines with a velvety delicate taste.

Merlot

Red grapes are as popular as Cabernet.

Merlot wines are soft, with a rich aroma of berries, cedar and chocolate. These are the most fruity wines.

Malbec

French grape variety. The berries are round, blue, the bunch is not dense. The wines are ruby-colored with strong juicy taste and hints of plums and tobacco.

Muscat white and black

Popular variety, originally from Egypt. Muscat wines are of high quality and rich aroma of muscat. The berries are dense, yellow-green, or black with a blue tint.

Nebbiolo

Italian red grapes. The berry is blue-black, the cluster is small and dense. Wines from this variety are obtained with the sour and notes of herbs, licorice and leather.

Pinot blanc

White grape variety. Suitable for the production of white wines with the aromas of pears or apples.

Pinot noir

Red grape variety with the most unusual and complex flavor. Wines from this grape variety include a complex bouquet of flavors made from shades of berries, musk and herbs.

Riesling

White grape variety from which both dry and sweet wines are made.

Noble variety suitable for aging, giving the wine the aroma of plums, peach and fruit.

Sangiovese

The most popular Italian variety. Red wine will be different spice and rich taste.

Syrah (Shiraz)

Red grape variety. The wines have a strong rich aroma of berries and dark color.

Tempranillo

Popular Spanish red grape variety, wines from which have the aroma of berries and tobacco.

Turiga Nacional

Portuguese grade of which port wine is made. Wines can be dry and fortified, they have the aroma of raisins, honey and dried fruits.

Chenin Blanc

French variety, the wines of which are distinguished by the greatest exposure. Wines have many shades, ranging from berries, honey and baking, to fruit.

Chardonnay

The most famous white grape variety in the world. Wines from it can be as light, low-aromatic, and tart with bright notes of berries, sweets and honey.

We considered only the most popular grape varieties for wine production. In fact, there are thousands of different varieties - original and cultivated. This proves once again that winemaking is not just an interesting occupation, but also a real art!

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Watch the video: Master Sommelier Reveals 3 Wine Grapes You Must Know - Wine Oh TV (December 2024).