Tomatoes - the most favorite vegetable, equally suitable for fresh consumption, and for winter preparations. The desire of gardeners to grow as rich as possible is understandable. harvest
To achieve this goal, you have to work hard. The challenge - to grow a lot of fruit, and not a beautiful lush bush. Therefore, almost all tomatoes require pasynkovanie.
What is pasynkovanie and why is it needed?
The process of removing such germs is called cradle. Removing them, you help the plant to direct all the juices to the formation and ripening of fruits. Simply put, ignoring this process, you risk being left without a crop. Grazing, as well as mulching tomatoes in the greenhouse, will help to prolong the fruiting period, increase yield per unit area, get an early harvest.
Almost all types of tomatoes beadling required. The exception is the standard varieties - a kind of determinant.
This is what is called a tomato for the lazy. They do not need the formation of a bush, or tying, or pasynkovanie.
They have a short - up to 50 cm - strong thick stalk and their growth is limited to the formation of 3-5 fructifying brushes.
They are planted in open ground, preferably in warm regions, where they will have time to produce the fruits of technical ripeness.
Leaf or stepson?
How to distinguish the sheet from the stepson? For those who are just starting to grow tomatoes, this is not an idle question. The stepson always grows out of the leaf bosom, that is, the leaf first grows, and the lateral shoot, the stepson, begins to stretch above.
In fact, they grow from one point. Thus, it is necessary to break off not the lower, but the upper sprout.
A photo
In the photo below you can see how the stepson tomatoes in the greenhouse correctly:
Pasynkov time
Start off need when the first stepson will be formed under the first flower brush. Do not allow him to grow more than 5 cm, otherwise he will have time to pick up the precious food. In addition, the grown-up stepchild is difficult to remove without damaging the stem, and this can cause bush disease. In order not to miss its appearance, tomatoes should be regularly inspected.
Masking is best done in the morning with good ventilation and natural light. The weather should be warm and dry. Always start with the strongest and healthiest bushes.
Weak bushes or suspected of any defeat leave in the end. The optimal frequency of removal of stepsons is 1 time in 7-10 days.
How to pinch?
It is undesirable to use a tool for removing side shoots. This can trigger tomato viral diseases. Masking is done only by hand. For many, the question arises: how to tear off stepchildren from a tomato in a greenhouse?
Having seized the sprout from above with two fingers, you just need to pinch it. Be sure to leave a stump up to 3 cm long, then at this point a new stepson will not appear. In no case can not pull the stepson down, trying to tear him. So you can tear off part of the stem and cause great harm to the plant.
Important! Pinching a scion, make sure that the juice of the plant does not fall on his hands. It is with him that “tomato” infections are transferred from one plant to another.
Tomatoes in the greenhouse bush formation
In the formation of the bush need all kinds of tomatoes. Depending on the purpose, the bush is formed into one, two or three stems. Sowing of tomatoes in the greenhouse scheme:
Formation in 1 stalk
In a greenhouse, it is preferable to form a tomato in 1 stalk. There will be no thickening with unnecessary branches, which will ensure good penetration of light and air between the bushes.
The formation scheme is as follows: as soon as the first blooming brush has formed, the stepson begins to grow under it. It must be promptly removed.
At the same time, the lower leaves must be removed, they have already played their role and the plant is no longer needed. Removing the lower leaves will promote better ventilation of the bushes below.
In the future, ruthlessly break off all lateral processes that will appear on the stem, leaving only flowering brushes. With such a formation, a shrub can produce up to 50 fruiting hands. The formation of a bush in 1 stem will prolong the fruiting period.
Formation in 2 stalks
In 2 stalks The bush is formed as follows: leave only one, the strongest stepchild, located under the first flowering brush.
All leaves and side shoots growing below are removed. During the entire period of growth of tomato stepchildren regularly break off.
Formation in 3 stalks
In 3 stalks A bush is formed by removing all but two stepchildren. The first is located under the first blooming brush, the second, as a rule, grows above the first stepson.
Features of the formation of different varieties of tomatoes
All tomatoes are divided into three types - determinant, semi-determinant and indeterminant. Determinantal varieties complete their growth after setting 4-5 blooming brushes. Semi-determinant varieties can be completed at any time, and can continue to grow. Indeterminate varieties have unlimited growth.
Formation of indeterminate varieties
Such varieties always form in 1 stem. Many gardeners prefer to form 2 stems to increase their yield. But this is everyone's choice. 
Indeterminate formation in two stalks it is justified in large greenhouses, where tomato bushes can be planted at a greater distance from each other, so that they get enough light.
The second stem is formed from a stepson growing under the first flowering brush, and no more than 4-5 flowering brushes are left on it. The remaining shoots are removed.
Formation of semi-determinant varieties
It is difficult to guess whether the plant will stop its growth after the formation of several fruiting hands or not.
Therefore, it is always formed a second, spare stem. If the primary is completed, the backup will give results.
In the future, if the main stem is not completed after the formation of 6-8 fructifying brushes, the spare stem can be carefully removed so that it does not pull off the food.
Formation of determinant varieties
Sometimes stunted determinant varieties do not form at all. But if you want to get an early harvest on them, the bush can be formed into 1 stem.
To do this, leave no more than 4 inflorescences, the rest are removed along with the stepsons. Above the upper inflorescence leave a few leaves and pinch the growth point of the plant.
In this case, the harvest can be removed two weeks earlier than usual. Recommendations on the formation of determinant varieties are always indicated on the package with seeds.
Without labor, it is impossible to grow a decent crop. Therefore, we should not neglect such a procedure as care for tomatoes in the greenhouse pasynkovanie. Your work will pay off with interest when in the winter you will be happy to open cans with canned billets.
