Drosophila is considered one of the most famous pests, it eats the juice of fresh and decaying vegetables and fruits, lives on the streets, and feels great in the rooms.
The fly has been used in biological research for decades, due to its vitality, ease of breeding and reproduction.
Today, it is indispensable when studying the patterns of genetic heredity, in everyday life it gives a lot of inconvenience, certain methods are provided to combat it.
Types, differences, food features
Almost everything came up with a fruit fly, the front sight is turned up in the kitchen, if you don’t take out the garbage for a long time, decaying vegetables and fruits are the best medium for its reproduction, and the vinegar released in the decay process serves as bait.
Today there are over a thousand species of fruit fliesThree hundred species inhabit the Hawaiian islands, about a hundred in the territory of the Russian Federation. The main differences are in habitat size 1.5-4mm, the duration of the zhizhnennogo cycle. The appearance of representatives of different species is not much different, some species may not have wings.
Insects feed rotting fruits and vegetablesfermented liquids, wine, wine drinks, beer wort, sap of trees are also an excellent medium for their reproduction. They are often found in vegetable stores, in fruit warehouses and storage facilities.
Pests are more sensitive to the smell of rotting food, in the summer insects freely enter the apartment, flocks of fruit flies can be seen already after 2-3 after throwing garbage an hour over the bucket.
Adults feed on the above products and food residues and lay eggs in them.
The breeding process consists of three stages:
- egg laying;
- the appearance of the larvae;
- transformation into a fly.
The life cycle of insects does not differ in duration; the process of transformation from an egg to an adult insect lasts up to ten days. Some species are widely used for feeding amphibians in terrariums and various types of fish.
Drosophila black
Black-bellied Drosophila is the most studied species today, it is a small two-winged insect of yellowish or brownish shade with red eyes.
Length is only 2 -3 mmThe main difference from other species is in the black body, the larvae are usually white.
Average individual weight female reaches 1.5 mm, male - 0,8. In males, a dark spot is located on the back dorsal part of the belly, in stripe females, during the life cycle the female lays up to three hundred eggs.
Fruit fly
The main food of fruit flies fruit flies is considered the sap of plants and plant debris, the larvae feed on microorganisms. Breast length is 2.5-3.5 mmwingspan - 5-6 mm, the mesonotum is distinguished by a yellowish-brown tinge, the yellow abdomen has dark brown bands, the chest is brownish-yellow or yellow, the eyes are red head and legs are yellow, dark spots are observed on the male from the bottom of the wings.
The full cycle of development varies from 9-27 days, during one season thirteen generations may occur.
Females are larger., the abdomen with a sharp end has a rounded shape; in the male, the abdomen has the shape of a cylinder. The differences between male and female are in the number and structure of tergites and sternites involved in the movement of the wings.
Drosophila is not flying
Individuals of this species different undeveloped wingsso they can only crawl and jump from a great height. This species is considered a mutation., wild species can nevertheless interbreed with short-winged fruit flies. It is characterized by larger size (3 mm) and a long life cycle, which reaches a month.
The breeding ground for them are rotting foods, most often of plant origin. They are used in everyday life, they can bring a lot of trouble, insecticides, traps, and chemicals are used to combat them.
