Tomatoes are heat-loving plants, so if they do not create certain temperature conditions, they will not grow in the Russian climate.
Experts have brought a lot of varieties of tomatoes that are better adapted to cool climatic conditions, but growing tomatoes in the greenhouse still gives the best result. You just need to know how to do it correctly. In the article we will try to tell all the most important things about the spring planting of tomato seedlings in the greenhouse and greenhouse.
Site preparation
Before planting tomatoes, the first thing you should pay attention to is the greenhouse. It depends on him how strong and healthy the plants will be. Under the influence of moisture in the greenhouse can be mold and fungus, which will adversely affect the quality of plants. To avoid this, greenhouse before planting must be processed.
Important: after snow melts, the ceiling and walls of the greenhouse should be washed with copper sulfate solution (6%), this is done for disinfection. Thanks to this procedure, transparent surfaces will not be dirty.
It would be good to sprinkle ashes on the ground, for tomatoes it is an excellent top dressing, and harmful bacteria die quickly.
In order to maximize the soil, it is recommended to use organic fertilizers that are introduced into the bud for seedlings. In this regard, shredded moss is excellent.
You can make a greenhouse fumigation sulfur bombshell. To do this, it is placed on metal sheets that are installed on bricks (you can use the old baking sheet). The fireball must be set on fire, then the greenhouse will be left in order not to get poisoned by smoke. Doors need to close tightly. When the doping process is completed, the greenhouse must be aired for 3 days.
We offer to watch a video about the preparation of the greenhouse for planting tomato seedlings in it:
Soil requirements
As already mentioned, tomatoes are heat-loving plants, they love not only the heat of the air, but also the warm soil, so it must be prepared accordingly.
Planting tomatoes in the cold land is strictly not allowed!
Before planting the soil is warming, if the greenhouse is heated, then there are no problems. But another question - what to do if you plan to harvest early? To do this, use the following instruction:
- Close all the doors and windows in the greenhouse, make sure that there are no gaps in the film. If there are problems, they need to be quickly resolved.
- If the greenhouse is made of glass or polyethylene, then you need to make another layer of film.
- You need to dig up the earth inside or loosen it, then a black film creeps up from above. Under such a film, the ground warms up much faster, as the sun's rays are attracted to black.
- Doors must be tightly closed.
An important point - the preparation of beds. They are made 7 days before it is planned to plant tomatoes. There is nothing difficult in this - you just need to create a mound, the height of which is 30-40 cm, the land must be fertile, for this it is mixed with humus.
It is not recommended to make single-row beds in a small greenhouse - it is wasteful. Better to make high beds, the boards of the boards is not difficult to do.
Proper preparation of sprouts
The age of seedlings for transplanting into the ground is an important factor. Experienced gardeners know that the age of seedlings should be 50 days. It is at this age that plants have a good root system, sometimes even flower buds appear.
It is important to take the right actions to ensure that the plants transplant without negative consequences:
- If growing independently, the plants need to harden. To do this, they are taken out for a short time behind the balcony (glazed), and you can also ventilate the room.
- 7 days before it is planned to plant the tomatoes in the greenhouse, they must be irrigated with a solution of boric acid, the proportion - per liter of water 1 gram of acid. Then the buds are better preserved and there will be a high yield.
- The day before planting, it is necessary to remove the seedbed leaves, as well as those that have turned yellow and have signs of disease. Then the leaves under the ground will not remain, and the place of the cliff on the stems will be able to dry out.
If the seedling has grown and become elongated, it is necessary to get rid of the lower branches. Plants of this type should be planted deeper. Half an hour before planting, the seedlings are watered abundantly. Not all gardeners have the opportunity to plant seedlings at home, then you need to buy it from reliable and reliable gardeners.
How long is it better to do?
It is important to understand that planting time is important. It is not necessary to plant tomatoes in the greenhouse when there is a heat outside - the best option is after 4 pm, when it is still warm outside, but direct sunlight does not fall on the seedlings. As for the time of year, it is better to do this not earlier than the beginning of May.
Transfer of shoots to the greenhouse
How to plant young plants in the greenhouse?
The very first thing - to prepare the wells for landing. To do this, follow these rules:
- It is important to observe the distance between the holes - it should not exceed 60 cm, then the plants will not interfere with each other;
- It is important to observe the depth of the hole, ideal - 20-25 cm.
There are several options for planting tomato seedlings. This should tell more.
Planting with bottles of manure between tomatoes
To grow tomatoes faster and better, you need to use fertilizers.. Chemical fertilizers should be avoided, it is recommended to use manure, which is a source of magnesium, nitrogen, calcium and sulfur.
How to plant tomato seedlings in a greenhouse using bottles with manure? The best option is not to pour the manure directly under the plants, but pour it into plastic bottles and carefully place them between the plants.
Important. Bottles should not be brought close to the tomatoes, there should be a distance of 3-4 cm between them.
You should not use a lot of manure, because the excess nitrogen will lead to the fact that instead of a tomato crop there will be a harvest of tops.
In polycarbonate greenhouse
Greenhouses made of polycarbonate, have several advantages. They are lighter than glass, stronger, but much more reliable compared to film greenhouses. In such a greenhouse seedlings need to be planted when the temperature is 12-15 degrees. If the ground is cold, the seedlings will simply rot.
You need to plant heavily, it is better to use the “school” scheme - grooves are made, the depth of which is one and a half centimeters, and the distance between them is 6-7 centimeters. Tomato roots desperately need air inflows, so containers should not be placed on a flat surface, it is better to use bricks made of bricks.
You can use the chess order of seating, you need to tie up seedlings 3-4 days after planting. In a polycarbonate greenhouse, it is recommended to use linear type trellis.. And watering seedlings for the first time should be no earlier than 10 days after planting.
How to place in a greenhouse?
How to plant plants in a greenhouse? After the holes are ready, the saplings are carefully pulled out of the boxes, after which they are established not vertically, but at an angle to the surface of the bed, after which the roots are covered with earth. Then the hole is completely covered with earth, and the earth is slightly compacted.
Next steps
After the tomatoes are planted, it is necessary to take preventive measures. Tomato bushes need protection from diseaseFor this you can use the Bordeaux liquid concentrate 0.5 percent. Immediately after planting, tomatoes are sprayed with this solution.
Copper sulphate can be used, but such a substance is highly toxic, in order to prevent the death of a tomato, it is recommended to use the lowest possible concentration of the solution - no more than 0.05 percent per 10 liters of water.
To feed the seedlings of tomatoes can be treated with calcium acidit should also be done immediately after disembarkation. Then you do not have to worry that tomatoes will be covered with top rot.
Tomatoes are a delicate vegetable crop, it is not enough just to plant it, they require constant attention. It is important to be attentive to each stage, but the most important thing is the correct fit, this is the guarantee that the plant will grow properly. It is best to plant the plants in the evening, or when it is overcast on the street, then nothing will prevent tomatoes from growing quickly.
